Chapter 19&20 Test Review

1. What are three properties of an acid?

Name the following acids and bases. Label all acids as either monoprotic, diprotic, or triprotic:

2. H2SO4

3. H2SO3

4. HClO

5. Mg(OH)2

6. HF

Give the correct formulas for the following acids and bases:

7. Nitric acid

8. Nitrous acid

9. Perchloric acid

10. Chloric acid

11. Calcium hydroxide

12. What is meant by the expression that water is an amphoteric substance? Show the reaction which is responsible for making water amphoteric.

13. What is the hydroxide concentration in pure water at 25C?

For the following solutions, determine the pH and label the solution as either acidic, neutral, or basic:

14. 0.15 M H+

15. 0.25 M HF

16. 0.55 M H2SO4

17. 3.5 M OH-

18. 0.10 M Mg(OH)2

19. 1.0 x 10-7 M OH-

For the following solutions, determine the concentration of H+:

20. pH = 3.5

21. pOH = 3.5

22. 0.10 M OH-

23. What is the definition of an Arrhenius acid? An Arrhenius base?

24. How does the definition of an Arrhenius base differ from that of a Bronsted-Lowry base?

Complete and balance the following acid base reactions. Label each reaction as an Arrhenius acid-base reaction or a Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction:

25. HCl + Ba(OH)2 --> ?

26. H3PO4 + Sr(OH)2 --> ?

27. NH3 + HCl --> ?

28. In a recent lab activity that you performed, what were two ways used to determine whether a substance was an acid or a base?

29. What is the conjugate acid of NH3?

30. A 25-mL solution of H2SO4 is neutralized by 18 mL of 1.0 M NaOH using phenolphthalein as an indicator. What is the concentration of the H2SO4?

31. How many mL of a 0.10 M HCl solution would be required to completely neutralize 5.0 g of NaOH?

Answers

1. Ex's: sour taste, electrolyte, turn litmus paper red, react with metals
2. sulfuric acid
3. sulfurous acid
4. hypochlorous acid
5. magnesium hydroxide
6. hydrofluoric acid
7. HNO3
8. HNO2
9. HClO4
10. HClO3
11. Ca(OH)2
12. Amphoteric: both an acid and a base: H2O --> H+ + OH-
13. 1 x 10-7 M
14. .82, acidic
15. .60, acidic
16. -0.041, acidic
17. 14.5, basic
18. 13.3, basic
19. 7, neutral
20. 3.2 x 10-4 M
21. 3.2 x 10-11 M
22. 1 x 10-13M
23. acid: gives off H+ in H2O: base: gives off OH- in H2O
24. BL base accepts a H+, it does not give off OH-
25. 2 HCl + Ba(OH)2 --> 2 H2O + BaCl2, Arrhenius
26. 2 H3PO4 + 3 Sr(OH)2 --> 6 H2O + Sr3(PO4)2, Arrhenius
27. NH3 + HCl --> NH4+ + Cl-, Bronsted-Lowry
28. Litmus paper and universal indicators
29. NH4+
30. 0.36 M
31. 1250 mL